Scientists John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton have been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics for their groundbreaking contributions to the development of artificial neural networks, which have revolutionized the field of machine learning. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced the winners on Tuesday, recognizing their influential work in creating and refining neural network models that emulate the brain’s learning processes.
BREAKING NEWS
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the 2024 #NobelPrize in Physics to John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton “for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks.” pic.twitter.com/94LT8opG79— The Nobel Prize (@NobelPrize) October 8, 2024
John Hopfield, renowned for his invention of the Hopfield network, made significant strides in pattern recognition and data storage using a method inspired by the physical properties of atomic spin. His network operates by assigning values to connections between nodes—similar to pixels in an image—that evolve to recreate stored patterns.
This system works by lowering the network’s energy step by step, enabling it to recall saved images even when provided with incomplete or distorted inputs. The physics underlying this process is akin to the behavior of atomic spin systems in magnetic materials, a key principle in statistical physics.
Building on Hopfield’s work, Geoffrey Hinton introduced the Boltzmann machine, a network capable of learning to identify key elements in data. By utilizing statistical physics—the study of systems composed of numerous similar components—Hinton’s machine can classify images or generate new patterns. His work laid the foundation for modern machine learning, setting the stage for the rapid advancements we see today in artificial intelligence.
The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics includes a monetary reward of 11 million Swedish crowns (approximately $1.1 million), which will be shared between Hopfield and Hinton. Their discoveries have propelled machine learning into new heights, transforming industries from healthcare to autonomous systems.
The Nobel Committee also reflected on last year’s laureates, Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz, and Anne L’Huillier, who were honored for their work in creating ultra-short light pulses capable of capturing real-time changes within atoms.
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